In April 2024, the Australian Government committed $17 million for the Shorebird and Wetland Habitat (SaWH) program to improve the quality and availability of shorebird habitat and wetland ecosystems across South Australia's Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth (CLLMM) and South East regions.

The program consists of 25 distinct projects across 35 wetland sites, working with 12 partner organisations. Collectively, these projects will enhance habitat across both regions, creating a mosaic of critical foraging and breeding areas for local threatened species and migratory birds. This includes at sites within the internationally important Coorong and Lakes Alexandrina and Albert Ramsar wetland and along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.

The program works with local groups, including landscape boards, community groups and First Nations, to plan and deliver habitat restoration activities. The program focuses on smaller wetlands that cumulatively have the greatest impact at a regional scale, with activities including: 

  • removing barriers to flow and improving connectivity
  • controlling weeds and revegetating with native species
  • protecting habitats and reducing threats
  • building new infrastructure to improve water management and keep wetlands healthy.

Why the program is important

Decreases in the diversity and abundance of waterbirds (including threatened and migratory species) in the CLLMM and South East have been linked to declines in the quality and quantity of suitable habitat. 

The program is important as it will deliver a range of localised on-ground works and activities to increase the availability of quality shorebird habitat, maintain food webs, provide critical foraging and breeding habitat for waterbirds and other threatened species, and improve wetland ecosystems across both regions. The expected outcomes include: 

  • increasing the area and duration of quality shorebird habitat and wetland ecosystems at a regional scale
  • enhancing the diversity of shorebird habitat and wetland ecosystems for various climatic and environmental conditions
  • improving landscape resilience by maintaining food webs and enhancing habitats that support breeding conditions for foraging waterbirds
  • reducing threats to the recruitment and survival of wetland species, including biosecurity risks
  • enhancing wetland resilience at a landscape scale
  • strengthening the ability of First Nations to connect to Country, fulfill cultural obligations in Caring for Country, and achieve cultural outcomes
  • fostering landholder connections to environmental outcomes and the regional landscape
  • reinforcing Australia’s commitment to international obligations, including the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance and the East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership, by increasing available habitat for migratory birds and other threatened species. 

First Nations partnerships

The program will also help First Nations strengthen their connection to Country and meet their rights, interests and cultural obligations in Caring for Country. Engagement and collaboration with First Nations are critical elements of the program

The Ngarrindjeri and First Nations of the South East (FNSE) are the Traditional Owners of the Coorong, Lower Lakes and South East regions respectively. The program established strong working relationships with First Nations representative bodies, including Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation (representing Ngarrindjeri Nations) and Burrandies Aboriginal Corporation (representing First Nations of the South East). 

The program will continue to strengthen and grow these partnerships through ongoing collaboration and involvement. This will help preserve and promote First Nations culture and build capacity to apply their cultural knowledge, values and interests in the development and implementation of the program.

The partnership with each First Nations group will be unique, recognising differences in the geographic area of their Country, Native Title, governance structures and their self-identified interests.

Individual projects will have associated Cultural Heritage and First Nations engagement requirements, tailored and informed through direct collaboration with the relevant First Nations representative bodies.

SaWH Project sites

Thirty-five wetland sites across the Coorong, Lower Lakes, Murray Mouth and South East regions of South Australia were selected to implement habitat restoration actions. The following projects are being delivered under the Shorebird and Wetland Habitat program with additional projects will be announced in due course.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

This project will remove multiple barriers to flow along 4.55 km of channel within the Grey Creek channel network to boost the condition of 16 hectares of wetland habitat.

Activities will include removing old farm crossings and reed management to improve water quality and connectivity across the island, and to promote the establishment of aquatic vegetation. 

Additional and improved habitat will support ongoing conservation efforts for threatened native fish, and the installation of temporary carp screens will further enhance environmental conditions by excluding large-bodied carp. With improved connectivity to Hunters Creek and the delivery of environmental water, Grey Creek has the potential to support a diverse assemblage of waterbirds, aquatic plants, frogs, and turtles, and to serve as an innovative release and dispersal point for small-bodied threatened fish, seeding Hunters Creek and the broader wetland complex across the island.

This work will be delivered by the Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board partnering with National Parks and Wildlife Service South Australia, Mundoo Pastoral Company, Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, Kumarangk Hindmarsh Island Landcare Group, Nature Glenelg Trust, Hills and Fleurieu Landscape Board.

This project will enhance habitats of resident and migratory species around littoral zones of freshwater and saltwater creeks and saltmarshes throughout Lawari Conservation Park. A total of 21,000 native plants will be planted along waterways to fill in vegetation and restore native plant communities, which contributes to a more resilient ecosystems within the park. Along with planting, the project will collect and propagate seeds and grow seedlings in the KHILG nursery and control weeds during the revegetation process. This project is expected to increase the amount of habitat for migratory and resident bird species while increasing overall biodiversity within the park.  

This work will be delivered by Kumarangk Hindmarsh Island Landcare Group Inc.(KHILG) partnering with National Parks and Wildlife Service South Australia and Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

Image courtesy of Kumarangk Hindmarsh Island Landcare Group. 

This project will enhance high-tide roosting sites for migratory and other shorebirds through the planting of native vegetation along the Mundoo Channel in Lawari Conservation Park. The densely planted vegetation will restore native plant communities and contribute to a more resilient ecosystem. In addition to planting native plant species, such as low shrubs and tussock grasses, this project will install a half a kilometre fence to protect the habitat area from adjacent agricultural activities. The exclusion of cattle via fencing will reduce sediment and nutrient in runoff, and newly planted vegetation will provide additional filtration agricultural runoff. The newly vegetated site will link fragmented habitats around a narrow strip of intertidal marsh.

This work will be delivered by Second Nature Conservancy partnering with National Parks and Wildlife Service South Australia, Alexandrina Community Nursery, and Clayton Bay Community Nursery and Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

Lawari Conservation Park, image courtesy of Second Nature Conservancy.

This project will protect Fairy tern and Eastern hooded plover breeding colonies at breeding sites located at the Murray Mouth, and along a 28 kilometre stretch of the Coorong Ocean Beach. Fairy terns and Eastern hooded plovers are EPBC-listed vulnerable species that lay their eggs on sandy beaches above the high-water mark in shallow scrapes in the sand. Nests are vulnerable to disturbance and destruction by predators and 4WD vehicle traffic.

BirdLife Australia, in collaboration with the Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, will install fencing and signage, and conduct community education to reduce the threats to a successful breeding season. Habitat enhancements include building driftwood shelters, weed removal, and replanting spinifex to provide suitable habitat. Bird banding and remote camera installation will assist in monitoring of bird populations and threats. 

This work will be delivered by Birdlife Australia, partnering with Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, National Parks and Wildlife Service South Australia, Maritime Constructions Pty Ltd, Limestone Coast Landscape Board, Birds SA, and Spirit of the Coorong Cruises.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

Yarluwar Ruwe Rangers monitoring Fairy Tern. Image courtesy of Birdlife Australia.

This project aims to improve the hydrological connectivity of the Mundoo Wetlands by removing the obstructions that impede water flow. Mundoo Wetlands are located just 5 km from the Murray Mouth and are home to many wildlife species, including a population of the EPBC-listed (vulnerable) southern pygmy perch. Reduced basin flows and a less dynamic connection to the estuary over time have favoured the growth of reeds, limiting water flow along 2.8 km of the flow path. By carefully clearing the reeds, the project will extend the duration of inundation across 17.5 hectares of important foraging areas for migratory birds whilst improving water quality and maintaining connectivity for populations of small-bodied threatened fish in the Mundoo Channels. 

This project will be delivered by Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board partnering with National Parks and Wildlife Service South Australia, Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, and Big Little Fish (small-bodied threatened fish conservation group).

This land acquisition has enabled 1900 hectares from Mundoo, Ewe and Long Islands along with other surrounding islands off the eastern tip of Hindmarsh Island, to be added into Coorong National Park. This will allow for significant wetland restoration from land formerly used to tend cattle and sheep. 

Improved habitat will support native shorebirds as well as dozens of migratory bird species, including the critically endangered curlew sandpiper and far eastern curlew.

Transforming the station into a protected national park also provides opportunities for the reintroduction of threatened fish species like the Yarra pygmy perch, Southern pygmy perch, Murray hardyhead and purple-spotted gudgeon.

Mundoo Island is culturally significant to the Ngarrindjeri people. 

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This project will provide more critical foraging habitat for Latham's snipe at Milang Snipe Sanctuary, supporting these migratory birds in substantially increasing their body weight whilst in Australia and fueling their long journey back to their breeding grounds in Japan and eastern Russia. The project will remove a small part of the existing embankment between the north and south basins of the snipe sanctuary. This will naturally encourage water from the north basin to move more freely into the south basin. The simple change in hydrology will extend the available foraging habitat to Latham’s snipe and other migratory shorebirds by approximately 3 hectares. 

This project will be delivered by Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board partnering with Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, Alexandrina Council, Hills and Fleurieu Landscape Board.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

Image courtesy of Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board.

Works at Teringie Wetlands, located on the shore of Lake Alexandrina, will build on the recent Healthy Coorong, Healthy Basin project, which installed 2 regulating structures to facilitate wetland management. Teringie Wetlands are culturally significant to the Ngarrindjeri people. The works at Teringie Wetlands will build on the site's restoration whilst intertwining cultural values to achieve both positive environmental and cultural outcomes. Works include;

  • Installation of 3 new monitoring bores to replace the existing non-functional bores
  • Small-scale repair of 3 existing monitoring bores
  • Installation of 3 lakebed piezometers to facilitate understanding of groundwater movement across the complex
  • A new pipe culvert to extend the inundation footprint of hydrological management, whilst also allowing vehicle access across the site
  • The installation of a simple structure to facilitate manipulation of water levels across the site, enabling larger areas to be inundated or to facilitate salt export from the east and south basins to Lake Alexandrina
  • Monitoring activities in collaboration with the Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation (NAC) and the Raukkan Rangers. 

The site encompasses approximately 490 hectares of wetland habitat, of which 270 ha are actively managed collaboratively. These works will enable a holistic approach to wetland management, building on already strong partnerships. 

For more information about the HCHB Teringie Project

This project will be delivered by Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board partnering with Raukkan Community Council, Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, Coorong District Council.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

Teringie Wetlands, image courtesy of Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board.

This project will support the restoration of the Yaiwaiparrung wetland by retrofitting existing infrastructure to facilitate the delivery of environmental water. To enable continued delivery of environmental water and significantly reduce sand ingress into the inlet channel, a gabion wall will line the Lake Alexandrina shoreline. These on-ground works will provide an additional 15 hectares of available habitat for foraging and breeding by migratory and resident shorebird species during critical life stages. 

This work will be delivered by Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board partnering with Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, Raukkan Rangers, Coorong District Council.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

Image courtesy of Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board.

The project will restore 1 km of foreshore on Lake Albert, which is eroding due to wave action and vegetation loss.  Work will stabilise the foreshore at Warrengie, and Working on Country Rangers will collect indigenous seeds to grow tube stock to revegetate this high-tide roosting habitat. 

Freshwater turtles inhabit these mainland waterways, with populations currently in decline. They are culturally significant to First Nations and play an important ecological role in maintaining water quality. Well placed logs provide a much-needed refuge for freshwater turtles, offering secure nesting sites away from predators. This also attracts a variety of wetland bird species and other wildlife that utilise the island for resting and nesting. 

This project brings a large and diverse range of passionate partners together, including landscape boards, First Nations, citizen scientists, NGOs, Councils, landholders and DEW, to continue researching turtles and their threats, undertake priority on-ground actions, and develop a management plan that will guide the conservation of freshwater turtles across South Australia into the future.

NLPAC Working on Country Rangers are committed to turtle management under the Ngarrindjeri Nation Yarluwar- Ruwe Plan - Caring for Ngarrindjeri Sea Country and Culture in the Coorong and Lower Lakes.

This work will be delivered by Ngarrindjeri Lands and Progress Aboriginal Corporation (NLPAC) partnering with Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board, Coorong District Council and Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation.

The project consists of small-scale on-ground works that will significantly enhance the hydrological management and monitoring capacity at Waltowa Wetland. Reinstating the groundwater bore system will enhance ecological managers' understanding of how/if current management practices and lake levels influence groundwater movement. Installing a fish screen on the existing structure will prevent large-bodied carp from entering the wetland, promoting the establishment of aquatic vegetation. 

This work will be delivered by Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board partnering with Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation, Coorong District Council, Department for Environment and Water.

Shorebird and Wetland Habitat

Photo courtesy of Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board.

This project will upgrade the Frostys Swamp inlet regulator to achieve a higher water retention level, meaning longer-duration inundation in Frostys Swamp and connected wetlands in the Tilley Swamp Watercourse, providing a summer refuge for waterbirds that is more resistant to drought.

This project will be delivered by South Eastern Water Conservation and Drainage Board (SEWCDB) partnering with Limestone Coast Landscape Board and in consultation with First Nations partners.

Up to 100 hectares of wetland habitat at Tilley Swamp will be improved by removing salt paperbark shrubs which have encroached and dominated the ecosystem. The removal of the paperbark will restore habitat suitable for shorebirds and other waterbirds and enable natural regeneration of submerged aquatic and herbland vegetation. This project will build on recent restoration efforts to provide open water and mudflat habitats, which are becoming increasingly rare in the region. The availability of water at this site and its location on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway make it an ideal location for migratory birds to forage and gain critical body weight before their journey north and provide summer and drought refuge for resident waterbirds.

Works will be delivered by Department of Environment and Water partnering with South Eastern Water Conservation and Drainage Board, Limestone Coast Landscape Board and in consultation with First Nations Partners.

This project will remove early Spiny Rush infestations from 4 high-value wetlands in the Limestone Coast (Lake George, Lake Frome, Paranki Lagoon, and Lake Bonney SE). This urgent intervention is required while this weed is in the early stages of spreading, to maintain the high-quality wetland habitat the resident waterbirds and animals depend on. Once established, Spiny Rush is difficult to control and outcompetes other plant species that make up a healthy wetland habitat.

Works will be delivered by the National Parks and Wildlife Service South Australia in partnership with Burrandies Aboriginal Corporation.

This project will replace the outdated control system on the Tatiara Swamp regulator with a new Programmable Logic Controller and software, enabling automated control of the regulator gates and improving inundation and water retention at this important wetland, which is habitat for native frogs, fish, and birds. The Chimney Pot Swamp regulator will be retrofitted with a new, more durable culvert structure featuring removable aluminium weir logs, allowing water to be retained at a higher level to maximise wetland inundation and ensure that ecological processes are sustained through spring and into summer.

Works will be delivered by South Eastern Water Conservation and Drainage Board partnering with Limestone Coast Landscape Board and Burrandies Aboriginal Corporation.

 This project will replace the dilapidated Butchers Lake Inlet Regulator, a small pipe culvert structure, that currently impedes the ability to manage lake levels independently of drain flows. Replacement of the structure will extend the shallow, foraging habitat for waterbirds through summer, while controlling water levels for nearby shack owners.

Works will be delivered by South Eastern Water Conservation and Drainage Board partnering with Limestone Coast Landscape Board and Burrandies Aboriginal Corporation.

This project is needed to address declining water levels in Lake George to defend an important ecosystem from a drying climate and maintain a popular recreational destination. A new regulator built on the Reedy Creek – Mount Hope drainage channel will divert excess water that would otherwise be lost to the sea. The project includes re-establishment of an existing blocked off drainage channel and its refurbishment including minor vegetation removal and channel reshaping which will allow additional flows to future-proof 5900 hectares of important wetland habitat, which has traditionally provided a habitat for migratory shorebirds during droughts. Investigations and modelling undertaken by this project will further our understanding of lake hydrology and assist identifying opportunities for future improvements.

This work will be delivered by Department for Environment and Water and the South Eastern Drainage Board partnering with Limestone Coast Landscape Board and Burrandies Aboriginal Corporation.

This project will strengthen rehabilitation works already undertaken at a 369-hectare site adjacent to an existing 600 ha wetland reserve. The construction of a small, permanent regulating structure will support longer inundation of the diversity of wetland habitats at the site, extending functioning habitat by about 35-40ha, and prevent aggressive mosquitofish from migrating into the restored wetlands. The Mount Burr Swamp is home to a breeding population of EPBC-listed vulnerable southern bell frog, which will benefit from the exclusion of pest fish that feed on eggs and tadpoles and compete for resources. Revegetation works will establish fringing habitats for threatened birds, such as the Australasian Bittern, and iconic species, such as the Brolga.

This project will be delivered by Nature Glenelg Trust in partnership with Burrandies Aboriginal Corporation.

More information

Project delivery partners

Murraylands and Riverland Landscape Board

Limestone Coast Landscape Board

Second Nature Conservancy

Kumarangk Hindmarsh Island Landcare Group

Ngarrindjeri Lands and Progress Aboriginal Corporation (NLPAC)

Nature Glenelg Trust

Hills and Fleurieu Landscape Board

Burrandies Aboriginal Corporation

South Eastern Water Conservation and Drainage Board

Birdlife Australia

Raukkan Community Council

Coorong District Council

Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal Corporation

Alexandrina Council

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We are committed to working with First Nations people, local communities and the broader South Australian community throughout the life of the program.

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The Shorebird and Wetland Habitat program is funded by the Australian Government and delivered by the Government of South Australia to enhance the quality and availability of shorebird habitat and wetland ecosystems across the Coorong, Lower Lakes, Murray Mouth and South East regions of South Australia

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